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Thunder Bay, ON  – This National Human Trafficking Awareness Day, the Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) recognizes the importance of amplifying community knowledge of human trafficking as one of the fundamental steps that can be taken to combat it. ONWA acknowledges that Survivors are the experts in their own lives and have gifted ONWA with teachings and knowledge that inform our work in human trafficking. ONWA is incredibly proud of the recent appointment of Jennifer Richardson, ONWA Senior Director of Strategy and Communications, as Canada’s Chief Advisor to Combat Human Trafficking. A Survivor herself, Jennifer served as the first Director of Ontario's Anti-Human Trafficking Coordination Office and brings over 24 years of experience to this national role. Her expanded mandate includes working with Indigenous partners to implement Calls for Justice  related to human trafficking from the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. Her in-depth knowledge will greatly inform and shape initiatives aimed at combatting human trafficking both in Ontario and across Canada. She has proven to be a passionate ally to Survivors, and her leadership will continue to strengthen efforts for systemic change. “Human trafficking thrives in silence and ignorance. Change begins with breaking that silence, educating ourselves, and uplifting the voices of Indigenous Survivors. Their stories are often overlooked, yet Indigenous women’s voices and solutions are vital in the fight to end human trafficking." – Jennifer Richardson, ONWA Senior Director of Strategy and Communications, Canada’s Chief Advisor to Combat Human Trafficking Knowledge is the first step towards prevention, early intervention, and community safety. It is the foundation for lasting change. When people understand the signs of trafficking, tactics used, and relevant information, they are better equipped to protect themselves and others. Knowledge empowers Survivors, strengthens support networks, and disrupts the systems that allow trafficking to persist. We know from experience that traffickers thrive in areas that lack awareness. ONWA continues to lead anti-human trafficking efforts delivering expertise in trauma-informed training and awareness-building initiatives. ONWA utilizes Indigenous trauma-informed care to support Survivors’ unique needs. We urge communities and sectors across the province to access our training opportunities. “The Building Your Bundle: Anti-Human Trafficking workshop, facilitated by [ONWA], was a transformative experience for our organization. […] The workshop highlighted the long-standing, disproportionate effects of human trafficking on Indigenous women, children, and Two-Spirited individuals.” – Testimonial from Emily King, Courage for Change, Native Women’s Centre Indigenous women, girls, and Two-Spirit people have the inherent right to live in safety - free from the threat, fear, or experience of exploitation and violence. Every barrier to safety, support, and healing must be removed to support Survivors and their journeys.   Visit ONWA’s Human Trafficking resources webpage to learn more: https://www.onwa.ca/learning-resources-ht Read ONWA’s Journey to Safe Spaces Report: https://onwa.ca/reports/journey-to-safe-spaces   For more information and media inquiries, contact:  Andre Morriseau, Communications Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: amorriseau@onwa.ca   For training inquiries, contact:  Justine Barone, Community Development Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: jbarone@onwa.ca   -30-

The Ontario holiday of Family Day on February 17, 2025 takes place during the Bear Moon, a time for storytelling, introspection and reflection. The blanket of snow that covers Mother Earth during this time is a gentle reminder to rest, recharge, and stay close to family and community. This Family Day, ONWA is sharing the Indinawemaaganidog “All of my relatives” colouring book with our membership with the hopes that the book will foster togetherness and inspire families to be creative and share knowledge and stories from their own communities. The book features art created by ONWA, as well as from 8 different Indigenous artists in Ontario: Angela Jason – Wazisons Art (various platforms @starbeamwomanart @wazisonarts) Clarity Smoke Danielle Robinson (Instagram @waabigwangiiziskwe) Jessica Bell – Moon and Meadow (Instagram @MoonandMeadowPottery) Jessica Mamakeesick (Robinson) - Mamakeesick Roots (FB @Mamakeesick Roots Instagram @mamakeesick_roots) Jordan Beardy – Heartberry Moon Art (FB @Heartberry Moon Art Instagram @heartberrymoonart) Jordan Quequish Tina Gardner – Colour Creations by Tina ONWA has made 5 pages from this exclusive colouring book publicly available for communities to download and print below. Please feel free to print and colour these pages with your family! Jordan Beardy, or Piitaanahkwan “storm clouds coming this way”, has roots to Sachigo Lake and Muskrat Dam. Jordan grew up watching his father paint beautiful art and now he holds the gift of art himself. Every piece of art he creates is signed in the syllabics of his spirit name. Jordan loves to use bright colours, try new techniques, and uses inspiration from his Indigenous heritage, pop culture references, and his daily life. Check out more of his work on Instagram @heartberrymoonart or Facebook Heartberry Moon Art. Aanii/Háŋ, my name is Clarity Smoke. I am Anishinaabe/Oyate from Birdtail Sioux. I grew up learning various forms of art through my family, from beading to singing. Watching my family create was my biggest motivation to learn the mediums I did. My experiences are put into the pieces I make as I utilize art as a form of storytelling, being a key part of my culture. The style I use takes inspiration from a mixture of woodland and Dakota art. Boozhoo, my name is Tina Gardner. I am a member of Eagle Lake First Nation, who resides in Thunder Bay, Ontario. In 2019, I started to paint on natural pieces of wood and since then have moved on to painting on canvas. I am an Ojibway artist who specializes in Woodland Art. My passion is to bring out vibrant colours to canvases. Many of my paintings share tradition and have special meaning. My name is Jordan Quequish and I am North Caribou Lake FN Band member of treaty 9 residing in Thunder Bay. I am a language speaker and am dedicated to sharing our language and culture with our People. I learned Woodland art at a young age and was told to always remember the teachings from the Elders and the land when creating art. Boozhoo, Waabigwan Giizis Kwe Ndizhinikaaz, Biigtigong Nishnaabeg Ndoonjii, Waabishki Ndoodem. Hello, my name is Danielle Robinson, my spirit name is Sunflower Women, I am Anishnaabe Kwe from the unseeded territory of Biigtigong Nishnaabeg. I have been an aspiring artist my whole life, always beading, sewing, drawing and doodling and into my adult years painting and digital work. I share my work to spread awareness, educate, and show how beautiful my culture is. Watch ONWA’s social media pages to learn about future opportunities to win one of these outstanding books. Miigwech, Hiy hiy, Masi chok, Ish nish, Hoy chexw, Kinahnaskomihtin, Nakurmik, Marsii, Wela’lin, Ato’n:wa, Ya wan ko, Nia:wen, Nya;weh, Merci, Thank you. For more information about ONWA membership, visit the link here: https://www.onwa.ca/membership

ONWA's She Is Wise Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin: 6th Annual Conference  is happening February 10-12, 2025  at the Sheraton Fallsview in Niagara Falls , Ontario. Stay tuned for up to the minute updates by exploring this blog or following ONWA on social media: onwa.ca/social Highlights About the Conference Getting Ready Day 1 - Grandmothers "Tides of Wisdom" Day 2 - Mothers & Aunties "The Steady Currents" Day 3 - Daughters "Ripples of Change" About the Conference 2025 Theme Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin translates to “she is wise in ways of life.” This conference captures the voices and perspectives of Indigenous women and seeks to change the narrative of violence through collective cultural and gendered empowerment. It acknowledges the wisdom and intelligence of women, as well as our life-giving power. The theme for this year’s conference is Grandmothers, Mothers, Aunties, and Daughters: Flowing with Resilience and Renewal . During this event, ONWA will be honouring Indigenous women and our vital roles and responsibilities with our sacred waters, reconnecting with our inner power through ceremony, providing opportunities for connection, learning and celebration of the strength of our communities. Quotes from ONWA Leadership Purpose The She is Wise Conference represents ONWA’s commitment to creating a safe space that fosters capacity building for frontline workers . During the conference, wise practices are shared through carefully selected speakers and workshops highlighting expertise and knowledge of established community-based healing supports. Learners are provided the opportunity to develop their skills and knowledge in trauma-informed, holistic and culturally grounded approaches. The conference provides opportunities for frontline workers and those providing services to Indigenous communities to learn, build connections and celebrate the work done to address violence against Indigenous women, girls and 2SLGBTQQIA+ people, as well as incorporate their learning into their work to continue to support Indigenous women and their families. Getting Ready We are getting ready for the 2025 She Is Wise Conference, here are some highlights from last year. We look forward to seeing those who will be coming out this year, and can't wait to share highlights on our social media and blog! A heartfelt chi miigwetch (big thank you) to the Six Nations Smoke Dancers for honouring ONWA with their incredible presence and traditional Haudenosaunee dances during the early registration for the #sheiswise2025 Conference. Day 1 - Grandmothers "Tides of Wisdom" 🌅 The She Is Wise Conference begins today! The energy is rising as incredible women from all over arrive, ready to inspire, connect, and grow together. Let’s make #sheiswise2025 unforgettable! She is Wise 2025 kicks off with a powerful day of teachings, reflection, and celebration. Thank you to Elder Meeka Uniuqsaraq for the teachings of the Qilaut and the Strong Water Singers for starting us in a good way and leading us into a powerful journey. As we begin this powerful gathering, we are honored to hear from strong Indigenous leaders who set the stage for three days of wisdom, connection, and empowerment. Left to Right: Joan Riggs, Stan Wesley "Every woman is a gift from Creator, and every woman has a gift from Creator; to be here, to be present in this moment, to be taking up our roles. We have so much beautiful leadership in community, and we must acknowledge what we are creating. Leadership is helping – ourselves, our families, our communities." - Joan Riggs “I am feeling a sense of connection. Speaking from the spirit, whatever cabinet was empty yesterday, is full today.” – Stan Wesley "As women we are amazing. We work hard. We keep it all together. Most of all we keep it all together when our lives are so complex. It's time for all of us to be that positive rippling effect of love and compassion!" - Chief Sherri-Lyn Hill, Six Nations of the Grand River "We all need a foundation of belief to pursue our goals. We all have experience, skills and hope. Women are natural caregivers [...] learning to honour ourselves. It's way easier to honour others than honouring ourselves. But we must do this as part of our healing journey." - Chief Claire Sault, Mississauga’s of the Credit First Nation "We are all working to take up our leadership as passed down from our mothers, aunties, and grandmothers. All of us gathered here to acknowledge the wisdom that we all carry, and share our gifts." - Sophia Carnovale, Youth Director, ONWA Board of Directors "It is an honour to gather with you all today. I have been honored to listen to the wise women who come before me...Indigenous women's work is heart work." - Ingrid Green, Interim CEO, ONWA "We have many gifts. We are peacemakers. We have so much respect for everything that gives us life. Be gentle on the path walked on and take care of our future generations to come." - Audrey DeRoy, Cultural Program Manager, ONWA Thank you to Audrey DeRoy for sharing the meaningful teachings and words of wisdom about cultural bundles. Grandmothers Panel - Left to right: Suzanne Knapp, Parm Burgie, Renee Thomas-Hill, Meeka Uniuqsaraq, Joan Riggs Our Grandmothers carry the wisdom of generations. Today, they remind us of our responsibilities as leaders, community members, and water carriers. 💙 #TidesOfWisdom What advice would you give your younger self? "Believe in yourself, you're good enough. You'll never know if you don't ask and you'll never do it if you don't try." - Parm Burgie "I'm daring how to live healthily [...] Release the guilt and shame and those things you feel have taken away your power. Be resilient." - Renee Thomas-Hill "Try to learn as much as possible about your traditional heritage and teachings to pass on to future generations. Our youth want to learn from parents and Elders [...] Teach one another." - Meeka Uniuqsaraq The Lyons Sisters are renowned Métis Jiggers, sharing their passion for dance across North America as performers and teachers. Being Swampy Cree Métis from the Métis Homeland of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, they learned traditional jigging at an early age. Their unique style blends First Nations and European dance influences, including Irish, French, and Scottish traditions. Their performances celebrate the resilience and beauty of Métis culture, keeping traditions alive for future generations. We were honoured to with their performance and teachings at the She Is Wise 2025 Conference. We put on our dancing shoes and learned a basic Métis jigging step from the Lyons Sisters at the She Is Wise 2025 Conference. Today had a powerful lineup of Self-Care Workshops, focusing on healing, culture, and resilience. ✨ Cultural Safety for Indigenous Women ✨ Healing through Art Therapy ✨ Indigenous Astronomy ✨ Inuit Teachings Session ✨ Resilience and Renewal: Raised Haudenosaunee Beadwork ✨ A Resource Guide for Families of MMIWG2S ✨ Roots and Raven: Natural Salves & Scents with Medicines ✨ Telling My Truth These sessions were a space for reflection, creativity, and connection. 🌊 Water is life. We close our first day with a sacred Water Ceremony led by Laini Lascelles “We are the ones our ancestors prayed for.” - Laini Lascelles Together we watched Josephine Mandamin: The Anishinaabe woman who walked for water rights (from Canada History Week 2020) video (above) and Dr. Masaru Emoto's Rice Experiment video. "As Indigenous people, we have known these truths about the importance of water forever. [... These videos] are a good reminder to remember what we already know from our water ceremonies, our water songs, and our lodges." - Laini Lascelles At #SheIsWise2025, we honored the wisdom of our Elders and envisioned our roles as the Kookum of Tomorrow in the Awakening you Inner Elder - Walking in their footsteps  workshop! Youth stepped into the shoes of their Elders, celebrating their teachings and committing to carry their knowledge forward for future generations. Day 2 - Mothers & Aunties "The Steady Currents" A new day begins at She Is Wise 2025, honoring the strength of Mothers & Aunties—the steady currents that guide and uplift our communities. Today is about resilience, leadership, and the power of women’s wisdom. “Wherever you go you are going to touch, and you are going to leave the greatest gift of all, love.” – Elder Renee Thomas-Hill “We don’t know exactly when things are going to happen – when the storm is going to come, when the sap is going to run, when our families are going to need something. Indian time is all about preparing, about being ready for what is coming.” - Stan Wesley These words remind us to be ready to embrace the teachings and connections as we set the stage for a day focused on the strength of Mothers & Aunties – The Steady Currents at She Is Wise 2025. We started the panel with an impactful video of Chief June Black addressing Nishnawbe Aski Nation representatives on the things happening in community that need to be addressed. Her powerful words kicked off the panel, setting the tone for a meaningful conversation. Click here to watch the video ! Left to right: Jaime Black-Morrisette, Chief June Black, Grand Chief Linda Debassige, and Stephanie Mikki Adam, hosted by Stan Wesley Leadership is not given, it is lived. Today’s panel features powerhouse Indigenous women leaders, sharing their strategies for creating change. 💪🏽 Inspiring words from the Indigenous Women Leader Panel: “If we all stand together, our power is going to change the world. […] Our power is not in competition with each other, it is in amplifying each other.” - Jaime Black-Morrisette “We need to prioritize love, compassion, and respect for each other. Love is an inherent trait; hate is a learned trait. […] Together we can build a world that uplifts and inspires.” - Stephanie Mikki Adam “Women are powerful when they are together. Women are powerful when they are working together. Women are such good medicine. When they tap into that medicine, there is no length that women will not go to, there is nothing we can not do.” - Chief June Black "The most important thing to know is that we are not alone in figuring things out. [...] Organizations that serve our communities are being lead by smart, talented, beautiful Indigenous women. Which isn't that amazing?"  - Jaime Black-Morrisette “If Creator works through us as women, then what we have to say is important, no matter where we are on our journey.” - Grand Chief Linda Debassige “Emotional intelligence is power. It will let you ask the questions that need to be asked. […] A lot of time we doubt ourselves, but your spirit and your gut speak to you. Don’t doubt, speak and ask questions.” - Chief June Black “While we carry our intergenerational trauma, we must remember that we also carry our intergenerational strength.” - Stephanie Mikki Adam “Ever single person in this room can teach us something, and we will be better for it. […] You don’t need a title to be a leader. That is a colonized perspective. […] My hopefulness is that through these gatherings we all grow, and inspire each other and all the future generations that will lead our people.” - Grand Chief Linda Debassige Highlights from Jody Wilson-Raybould's Keynote “Whoever we are and wherever we are, whatever we may be doing, we can all be leaders. We can all use our voices. We can act and inspire action.” “When a woman speaks out, pushes back, or stands up their principles, relies on their lived experiences, or brings forward actual knowledge and experience… They are very easily called, and reflexively labeled, as difficult while doing all of those things. I am proud to be difficult every single day of my life!” “Balance is viewed as the proper state of things, where conditions of harmony and justice flourish. Well, imbalance is what gives rise to conflict, contention, and harm. Everyone has a role to play in the community. To ensure that communities work well, the roles are different but equally important in ensuring society functions the way that it should.” “I encourage each and everyone of you to have courage. To continue to be audacious. To continue to be uncomfortable. […] We need you. We need us. Together we walk.” She Is Wise 2025 offered Workshops on Practical Practices that celebrated culture, healing, and traditional knowledge: ✨ Birch Bark Teachings ✨ Cultural Safety for Indigenous Women ✨ Medicine Lines of Womanhood: Honoring Self & Living Well ✨ The Power of Dance, Healing Steps ✨ The Power of Equine Assisted Learning ✨ Reconnecting with Traditional Food ✨ Resilience and Renewal: Raised Haudenosaunee Beadwork A day of learning, movement, and reconnection. “You are a woman who holds deep, deep medicine. […] What is the medicine you are dreaming into being?” - Asha Frost Thank you to Asha Frost for leading us through mindfulness exercises and meditations as we discussed being the in-between medicine, and what it means to build a community in a good way. Her teachings remind us of the strength, healing, and connection that flourish when we uplift one another. Day 2 of the She Is Wise 2025 Conference was filled with the power of connection, resilience, and leadership. We end the day by honouring the Bear moon with a Full Moon Ceremony. 📢 Important Update: She is Wise Conference Agenda Change 📢 Due to expected inclement weather, we have condensed the schedule for tomorrow’s She is Wise Conference. We want to ensure everyone’s safety while still delivering a powerful and inspiring event. We appreciate your understanding and look forward to gathering in a good way. Stay safe and see you soon! 💜 Day 3 - Daughters "Ripples of Change" We got the good energy flowing this morning by taking the chance to meet some new people through a friendly rock-paper-scissors game! Awesome connecting with new faces! Excited for the day ahead! “Healing is a lifelong journey, and I am committed to breaking these cycle, to being the best mother and kookum I can be. […] Healing is possible, no matter who you are or where you come from. Everyone is capable of creating a new future.” - Esther Maud Chi Miigwetch (huge thank you) to Esther Maud for her bravery in sharing her powerful story and wisdom with us at #SheIsWise2025. Esther’s journey of resilience, healing, and advocacy is truly inspiring. We were honoured to welcome Emilee Ann Pitawanakwat, a talented Fancy Shawl, Jingle Dress, and Hoop Dancer to the #SheIsWise2025 Conference! She blessed us with her story, teachings of hoop dancing, and demonstrations of her incredible gift. #5Hoops2Worlds Here a few of the awesome videos Emilee shared with us during her presentation: Emilee Ann Pitawanakwat (6 years old) teaching a few basic moves on hoop dancing. Beautiful music video starring Emilee Ann Pitawanakwat. Top photo, left to right: Janine Desmoulin, Liam Kablalik, Aliyah Diamond, Alyssa Lentz, Daanis Pelletier, Teanna Bertin-McLeod, Gabrielle Fayant 🌟 Indigenous youth are shaping the future! Today’s showcase celebrates young leaders creating ripples of change across Turtle Island. Empowering words from the Youth Showcase – “They Are Happening”: “We do have powerful voices. There is power within what we have to say. There is strength in what we have to say. We are sacred. Our voice is sacred.” - Alyssa Lentz “I want to learn [about my cultural teaching], and I want to bring that to all the people that haven’t experienced it.” - Liam Kablalik “We often hear that youth are the future, but I think we forget that youth are also the present. We are here. We are already doing the work.” - Aliyah Diamond "Youth are sometimes looked over for being young. People forget being a youth doesn’t equal inexperienced. Many of our youth have lifetimes of experience, and they all have something important to share." - Teanna Bertin-McLeod "I believe through having perspectives heard we are continuing a cycle of guaranteeing something new for the next generation as the previous generation guaranteed for us." - Daanis Pelletier “All those good words, they were like a wave that overcame all those mean words. […] Please, with the young people in your lives, share just one small kind word. It can change someone’s whole day. Keep telling these young people how amazing they are doing. I am really proud of you all, and don’t give up.” - Gabrielle Fayant Love Builds the Bundle "Empowerment goes a long way. Role modeling goes a long way." - Janine Desmoulin 🌈✨ Youth are the ripples of change , and their voices matter. At ONWA, we listened to LGBTQIA+ youth, which inspired the creation of our Love Builds the Bundle  resource. By amplifying their voices, we’re building inclusive spaces where everyone is valued and supported. 💬💖 Visit onwa.ca/love to learn more about this amazing resource! “Every youth has a unique and individual story that they want and need to share, whether they are up here on stage or one of the quiet ones. They all have something important within them.” - Teanna Bertin-McLeod Thank you to all the amazing youth leaders who attended ONWA’s She is Wise Conference! You are the change that will make a real impact in communities. Keep shining and leading! ✨ Join us in celebrating The Bearhead Sisters -   two-time JUNO nominated and winner of the Juno award for Traditional Indigenous Artist of the Year - as they take the stage today and share the beautiful gift. Their voices are powerful, their songs tell stories. 🎶  Here is a glimpse of some of what they shared with us! #IndigenousArtists #IndigenousSingers "Our grandmothers have carried us. Our mothers have protected us. Our aunties have always believed in us. Now it is our responsibility to use our voices and to share our stories. We are the medicine our ancestors have been making. Helping is leading, and leading is helping. All of us at ONWA are excited to witness the impact we know that you are all making and are going to make within your communities. Take care of yourselves and travel home safely." - Ingrid Green, Interim CEO, ONWA “We matter. We are worthy. We are medicine. We are wise.” – Joan Riggs Stories feed the soul. We hope the stories you heard, learned from, and made at the #SheIsWise2025 Conference will fill your souls. She Is Wise 2025 may be over, but the wisdom we’ve shared will continue to ripple outward. What was your biggest takeaway from this year’s conference?

Registration is closed! We look forward to seeing you at the conference. WHEN : February 10-12, 2025 WHERE : Online or In-Person (Sheraton Fallview Hotel (5875 Falls Ave, Niagara Falls, ON L2G 3K7)) REGISTRATION CLOSED Theme Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin translates to “she is wise in ways of life.” This conference captures the voices and perspectives of Indigenous women and seeks to change the narrative of violence through collective cultural and gendered empowerment. It acknowledges the wisdom and intelligence of women, as well as our life-giving power. The theme for this year’s conference is Grandmothers, Mothers, Aunties, and Daughters: Flowing with Resilience and Renewal . During this event, ONWA will be honouring Indigenous women and our vital roles and responsibilities with our sacred waters, reconnecting with our inner power through ceremony, providing opportunities for connection, learning and celebration of the strength of our communities. Purpose The She is Wise Conference represents ONWA’s commitment to creating a safe space that fosters capacity building for frontline workers . During the conference, wise practices are shared through carefully selected speakers and workshops highlighting expertise and knowledge of established community-based healing supports. Learners are provided the opportunity to develop their skills and knowledge in trauma-informed, holistic and culturally grounded approaches. The conference provides opportunities for frontline workers and those providing services to Indigenous communities to learn, build connections and celebrate the work done to address violence against Indigenous women, girls and 2SLGBTQQIA+ people, as well as incorporate their learning into their work to continue to support Indigenous women and their families. Price Registration costs  go to funding the conference and the purchase of the conference package, which includes all workshop activity supplies. In preparation for the annual She Is Wise Conference, ONWA invites community members including youth, to attend at no cost.

Applications complete and closed! The Ontario Native Women's Association (ONWA) is pleased to announce that we will be providing sponsorship opportunities to attend our upcoming She Is Wise Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin Conference happening February 10-12, 2025, in Niagara Falls, Ontario! Sponsorships available: 10 sponsorship packages for Indigenous youth (age 18-29) 10 sponsorship packages for Indigenous community members (age 30+) 10 sponsorship packages for ONWA Membership (Chapter and Council members) Sponsorship package: This incredible sponsorship package is open to all self-identifying Indigenous women living in Ontario and will include: 1 She Is Wise Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin conference ticket (value $800) Paid travel Hotel accommodation Meals provided throughout all 3 of the conference dates (For elder applicants who require a companion helper, ONWA will also provide sponsorship for 1 companion to accompany the Elder winner. For youth applicants under the age of 21 years , ONWA will also provide sponsorship for 1 Adult Chaperone to accompany the youth winner.) Winners Winners will be selected randomly through a raffle winner generator on Tuesday, December 17, 2024, and will be contacted directly by an ONWA employee. Application Deadline 11:59pm (EST) on Sunday, December 15th, 2024 Apply now! Please apply using this link: https://forms.office.com/r/u4aNRAm9TA

Thunder Bay, ON – The Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) extends our deepest condolences to the families and communities impacted by the discovery of unmarked burial features at the former McIntosh Indian Residential School. We are profoundly saddened by this revelation, which serves as a stark reminder of the intergenerational trauma and irreparable harm caused by the residential school system. ONWA recognizes the trauma that the legacy of residential schools and colonial violence has on Indigenous communities, and how these traumas continue to impact Indigenous peoples today. Every child is cherished as a beloved member of a family and community, carrying their language, culture, and spirit of love and hope. These lives were unjustly taken by a colonial system that sought to erase Indigenous peoples. The unfulfilled future of each child reminds us of the sacredness of their roles as future Elders, Knowledge Keepers, and leaders. This tragedy echoes the stories of countless Indigenous children who were stolen from their families, their absence leaving immeasurable voids in their communities. Canada must confront the ongoing impacts of colonization and fully commit to meaningful reconciliation by acting on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)'s Calls to Action. Immediate and accountable responses are essential, particularly the calls for action to address missing children and burial information. We stand in unity with the families and survivors who bravely endure each newly discovered unmarked or mass grave. Your commitment and leadership in uncovering the truth will not be forgotten, nor will the lost children who continue to live on in our hearts and in the spirit world with our ancestors. We encourage everyone to support these communities by continuing to raise awareness, wear orange in solidarity, and call for the implementation of outstanding TRC Calls to Action. For those in need of support, please contact the National Indian Residential School Crisis Line at 1-866-925-4419 or the Hope for Wellness hotline at 1-855-242-3310. For ONWA media inquiries, contact: Andre Morriseau, Communications Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: amorriseau@onwa.ca -30-

Ontario  – Today, the Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) proudly honours National Ribbon Skirt Day, a celebration of identity, resilience, and cultural reclamation. National Ribbon Skirt Day was inspired by the experience of Isabella Kulak, an Indigenous girl from Saskatchewan who was shamed for wearing a ribbon skirt to a "formal dress day" at her school. Manitoba Senator Mary Jane McCallum championed a bill in Parliament to recognize National Ribbon Skirt Day which received unanimous support and passed into law in December 2022. The first National Ribbon Skirt Day was celebrated on January 4, 2023. “The Ribbon Skirt is an important personal reflection. It’s a focal part of teaching the importance of the Ribbon Skirt and carrying yourself in a good way. It connects us to being an ambassador and advocate for the Indigenous Peoples of Turtle Island. The ribbon skirt is part of the sacred bundle from the plant world and the four elements that give us a good life. The skirt is a covering for our Wigwam, our teepee, and our shelters, to keep us warm and the fires burning well, sharing a good nurturing environment. The skirt creates a circle that gently touches the earth our mother, and how she always takes such good care of all living things,” shared Audrey DeRoy, Cultural Program Manager, ONWA. ONWA’s programs empower Indigenous women and their families to create their own ribbon skirts, which fosters pride and cultural continuity. Participating in ceremonies while wearing ribbon skirts allows us to connect with our traditions and celebrate our rich cultural history. “Ribbon Skirt Day is a celebration of our past, present, and future, and a testament to our culture's enduring strength, beauty and connection to all things.” Ingrid Green, Interim CEO ONWA To learn more about National Ribbon Skirt Day, visit: NCSA Connections - The Ribbon Skirt CBC News - National Ribbon Skirt Day Bill Passed   For more information and media inquiries, contact:  Andre Morriseau, Communications Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: amorriseau@onwa.ca

Toronto, ON – The Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) is honoured to launch the newest edition of our official publication, She Is Wise Magazine , under today’s winter solstice. We are honoured to share with you the wisdom of Indigenous women on the shortest day of the year knowing that from here, we move back toward the light. In this 11th edition, we bear witness to the many ways that Indigenous women are taking up leadership roles in the political sphere and recognize the bundle they have agreed to carry for their families, communities, and nations. As we prepare for the upcoming election year, it is critical that we recognize the unique voices of Indigenous women and allies who are driving change through their political journeys. We applaud these leaders in their courage for stepping up and speaking out about the significant adversity Indigenous women face when navigating political systems. Together, we are learning how important it is for Indigenous women to be informed and what factors to consider when placing our votes in the coming year. These stories remind us of how imperative it is to use our vote to affect necessary change for ourselves, families, and communities. Since time immemorial, Indigenous peoples have relied on storytelling to remember our histories and to understand the work of those who came before us. We acknowledge our ancestors that have led us to where we are today, helping us in preparing for the future. Reflecting on the Indigenous women’s movement of the 20th century, we remember women like Mary Two-Axe Earley, whose dedication to Indigenous women’s rights brought hope, healing, and active change. As we prepare for the upcoming election year, we reflect on the history of the Aboriginal Healing Foundation and come to understand the role and impacts of federal budgets as political tools. Indigenous women such as the Honourable Mary Simon, Mayor Wendy Landry, and Chief Cindy Woodhouse are taking up leadership roles within First Nations and Canadian politics alike, fighting for justice from within the system and reminding us of the strength of Indigenous women’s voices. Key highlights in this issue include: The political journey of Grand Chief Linda Debassige and the importance of leading as life-givers Commemorating the life of the late Honourable Murray Sinclair and his legacy as a prominent Indigenous leader and change-maker The Honourable Kim Pate shares her commitment to accompliceship in the journey to equity for Indigenous women ONWA signs a relationship agreement with the Māori Women’s Welfare League (MWWL), who are advocating for co-governance in New Zealand’s changing political landscape By getting involved in politics, Indigenous women are opening doors to a future filled with optimism anchored in tradition and culture. ONWA is honoured to share these select stories in preparation for the year ahead. We invite you to reflect, learn, and grow with us in this very special issue that recognizes political journeys of the past, present, and future. To read the 11th edition of She is Wise Magazine, please visit: https://www.onwa.ca/she-is-wise-magazine For more information and media inquiries, contact: Andre Morriseau, Communications Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: amorriseau@onwa.ca -30-

Thunder Bay, ON – Today, on December 10th, the Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) recognizes United Nations Human Rights Day. This day also marks the end of the 16 Days of Activism on Gender Based Violence. ONWA reaffirms its commitment to Indigenous women’s inherent right to safety. Human Rights Day is observed annually around the world and commemorates the anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This year’s theme is Our Rights, Our Future, Right Now . It is a call to acknowledge the importance and relevance of human rights in our everyday lives and to change perceptions by speaking up against hate, correcting misinformation and countering disinformation. Today, ONWA honours the resilience, strength, and contributions of Indigenous women worldwide, recognizing their pivotal role in the fight for equality, justice, and the protection of their cultural and environmental rights. “On Human Rights Day and every day, we recognize that far too many Indigenous women face violence and insecurity in their daily lives. ONWA’s international initiatives, including its collaboration with the United Nations and the recent agreement with the Māori Women’s Welfare League (MWWL), are vital in creating a global movement for change. These efforts exemplify how Indigenous women are not only standing up for their rights but also empowering future generations to continue this essential work.” – Krystal Brant, President, ONWA ONWA is committed to amplifying the voices of Indigenous women and advocating for policies that promote our safety and wellbeing and uphold our inherent rights. This includes strengthening efforts to ensure Indigenous women are included in decision-making, both locally and globally, on the issues that impact our lives, and that our contributions and solutions are recognized as essential to advance human rights for all. This year, ONWA participated in the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW Committee)’s 10th review of Canada’s efforts to eliminate discrimination against all women and promote women’s equal rights. ONWA advocated for urgent action to address Indigenous women’s safety and uphold our rights – including immediate implementation of the Calls for Justice that prioritize our safety and healing, sustainable funding for Indigenous women’s organizations, elimination of all sex discrimination in the Indian Act, and, importantly, clear accountability and action from all levels of government. Indigenous women are the experts in their own lives, and we have the right to live safely and to determine solutions for the challenges impacting our communities. We invite everyone to honour Human Rights Day by reflecting on the importance of basic human rights like safety, are not taken for granted, and that we work together to end the unacceptable levels of violence against Indigenous women and girls. To learn more about ONWA’s participation at the 89th Session of CEDAW: ONWA’s Shadow Report submitted to the CEDAW Committee (our review of Canada’s human rights record re. discrimination against Indigenous women): https://www.onwa.ca/_files/ugd/274c9a_474111f5e44d47cf8bf1f91c7116cf45.pdf Joint press release from the Indian Act Sex Discrimination Working Group on the CEDAW Committee’s report to Canada: https://www.onwa.ca/post/joint-press-release-cedaw-committee-urges-canada-to-take-immediate-action-and-end-discrimination-ag To learn more about ONWA’s recent collaborative statement on Intimate Partner Violence with the Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council (IWAC): Statement from the Ontario Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council on Declaring Intimate Partner Violence an Epidemic https://www.onwa.ca/post/iwac-declares-epidemic-2024 For more information and media inquiries, contact: Andre Morriseau, Communications Manager Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) Email: amorriseau@onwa.ca -30-

Thunder Bay, ON – This National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women is a reminder that violence against women is pervasive and must be addressed. Today, as we remember and honour the 14 women who lost their lives at the Montréal École Polytechnique tragedy (Montreal Massacre) on December 6, 1989, the Ontario Native Women’s Association (ONWA) reflects on the ongoing crisis of violence against women. Indigenous women are disproportionately impacted by violence due to systemic racism, sexism, and discrimination. The proportion of Indigenous femicide victims in Ontario has steadily increased from 5.4% in 2019-20 to 8.1% in 2022-23 [ 1 ]. Indigenous women have the fundamental right to live in safety and to a future free from gender-based violence. The Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council (IWAC), which ONWA is a member of, recently released a statement on the ongoing impacts of violence against Indigenous women. The statement, in response to Bill 173 Intimate Partner Violence Act , calls for municipalities and governments to act swiftly against violence against Indigenous women. Read the Statement from the Ontario Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council on Declaring Intimate Partner Violence an Epidemic at: https://www.onwa.ca/post/iwac-declares-epidemic-2024 To learn more about how you can help end violence against the women in your life explore: ONWA’s Strong Hands Stop Violence Poetry Book to raise awareness of violence against Indigenous women. Join ONWA in uplifting Indigenous voices and promote healing through art. Learn more or submit before December 31, 2024: https://www.onwa.ca/post/strong-hands-stop-violence-poetry-book-vol-9 The White Ribbon movement, a Canadian movement of men and boys working to end violence against women and girls, promote gender equity, healthy relationships, and a new vision of masculinity. Take the pledge today: https://www.whiteribbon.ca/pledge The Moose Hide Campaign, an Indigenous-led grassroots movement to engage men and boys in ending violence towards women and children: https://moosehidecampaign.ca The Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children resources and programming: https://www.learningtoendabuse.ca The National Action Plan to End Gender-Based Violence - Women and Gender Equality Canada report: https://www.canada.ca/en/women-gender-equality/gender-based-violence/intergovernmental-collaboration/national-action-plan-end-gender-based-violence.html ONWA’s Missing & Murdered Indigenous Women & Girls (MMIWG) learning and resource page: https://www.onwa.ca/learning-resources-mmiwg If you or a loved one are experiencing violence or domestic abuse, please contact Talk4Healing. They offer 24/7 help, support, and resources for Indigenous women by Indigenous women. Call or text 1-855-554-HEAL (4324) or visit http://talk4healing.com -30- [1] Data derived from Ontario Association of Interval Houses (OAITH) Annual Femicide Lists and Reports.

Are you an Indigenous vendor? Would you like to have a craft tradeshow booth at ONWA's upcoming 6th Annual She Is Wise Nibwaakaa Inaadiziwin Conference is being held February 10-12 , 2025, at the Sheraton Fallview Hotel (Niagara Falls , ON)? Register now! Registration closes: 11:59 PM (EST) on Friday, December 20, 2024 Please be advised we are looking for CRAFT vendors . We are not accepting organizations/agencies vendors for this event. Indigenous Youth Craft Vendors If you are an Indigenous youth (age 18-29) vendor, please register using this link for youth benefits: https://forms.office.com/r/iVQrmaA3Md Indigenous Craft Vendors If you are not an Indigenous youth vendor, please register using this link: https://forms.office.com/r/RVsfskkmaz

In response to municipalities declaring an epidemic of intimate partner violence, and the introduction of Bill 173, Intimate Partner Violence Epidemic Act in Ontario The Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council (IWAC) stands in solidarity with the families and loved ones of Carol Culleton, Anastasia Kuzyk and Nathalie Warmerdam and those working to end violence against women. [1] Over the last several decades, Indigenous women, leadership, organizations and communities have been raising the alarm about the high levels of gender-based violence perpetrated against Indigenous women and girls, including intimate partner and family violence. Indigenous women, together with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis leadership and international human rights bodies, have continued to call for immediate action from all levels of government to improve Indigenous women’s safety. Violence against Indigenous women in Canada is a systemic issue, rooted in colonial policies and institutions that have devalued and disrupted the identity, rights, and inherent leadership roles of Indigenous women, and created social and economic conditions that perpetuate discrimination and violence. Indigenous women’s experiences of violence are shaped and compounded by their multiple social identities – their Indigeneity, gender, and sexuality, for example. Violence against Indigenous women is also generational – it impacts generations now and for generations to come because of the roles that Indigenous women play in their families and communities. As municipalities and the government of Ontario take action to address the epidemic of intimate partner violence in this province, consideration must be given to the disproportionate rates of intimate partner violence experienced by Indigenous women and the multiple barriers they face when seeking help. To effectively address the violence experienced by Indigenous women, the solutions must come from Indigenous women, our organizations, and our communities. Municipalities and other jurisdictions must work with, and support, Indigenous women, their organizations, and communities to end the unacceptable levels of violence against Indigenous women. Moving Forward: Our Recommendations Ontario legislates its Pathways to Safety Strategy to ensure Indigenous women’s safety remains a priority for future governments, in the same way that Ontario has legislated a response to human trafficking (Anti-Human Trafficking Strategy Act, 2021), racism (Anti-Racism Act, 2017), and poverty reduction (Poverty Reduction Act, 2009). Any provincial and municipal declarations and responses to intimate partner violence explicitly recognize the disproportionate rates of violence against Indigenous women and girls, their unique and intersectional experiences as Indigenous and as women, and the root causes of this violence. Indigenous women’s safety be prioritized at all levels of government in all policies, plans, and strategies that impact, or have the potential to impact, the lives of Indigenous women. Indigenous women be involved in the development of all legislative, policy, program and service responses to the issues that impact them, including gender-based violence. This will assist with the inclusion of Indigenous women’s world views, the unique intersectionality of their experiences, and their specific safety needs. All actions to address violence against Indigenous women and support Indigenous women who are survivors of violence should be directed, designed, implemented and led by Indigenous women. Increased and sustainable investments from all levels of government into new and existing community-based culturally grounded programs and services that improve Indigenous women’s safety and promote family and community healing, including funding for violence prevention, education, and awareness; culturally relevant shelter services, transitional housing and affordable housing; community-based child welfare prevention; Indigenous-specific mental health, addictions and wellness programs; and programs that support Indigenous women’s leadership. This includes capital funding for critical infrastructure for programming and safe spaces for Indigenous women. Additional and separate investments for Indigenous men and boys to support healing and restoration of balance in communities. Implement a community development approach to ending violence against Indigenous women. This approach recognizes the distinctiveness of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis women, and the different experiences and challenges faced by Indigenous women living in urban, rural, remote, and Northern communities. It enables solutions that are varied and unique to each community. Solutions are based on and respond to the needs identified by Indigenous women in the community and are led by or co-developed with Indigenous women and their community. A community development approach supports Indigenous women’s leadership and builds community capacity to end violence and create safety for Indigenous women. Our Truth Indigenous women, like all women, have a fundamental right to live in safety, free from violence and discrimination, and to enjoy good health and wellbeing. Yet, Indigenous women in Ontario and Canada continue to face among the highest rates of violent victimization of all population groups in Canada, and intimate partner violence is one of the most pervasive forms of violence against Indigenous women. [2] Six in ten Indigenous women report experiencing intimate partner violence in their lifetime, compared to four in ten non-Indigenous women. [3] Indigenous women and girls also make up 21% of all gender-related homicides of women and girls in Canada, despite comprising only 5% of the female population. [4] In Ontario, Indigenous women are three times more likely to be murdered than non-Indigenous women. [5] , [6] The proportion of femicide victims who are Indigenous in Ontario has steadily increased since the 2019 National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls, from 5.4% in 2019-20 to 8.1% in 2022-23. [7] We also know that the compounding effects of intersecting forms of discrimination and inequality place some Indigenous women at even greater risk of experiencing gender-based violence, including intimate partner violence. For example, 86% of Indigenous women who identify as 2SLGBTQ+ report experiencing intimate partner violence, [8] and 74% of Indigenous women with a disability report experiencing violent victimization in their lifetime. [9] Indigenous women’s experiences of violence, including intimate partner violence, and the context in which it occurs differs greatly from that of non-Indigenous women. Indigenous women’s experiences must be understood through the intersectional racism, sexism, and discrimination they face both as women and as Indigenous peoples. The violence experienced by Indigenous women and girls is an intersectional issue rooted in the legacy of colonialism and targeted assimilation policies in Canada, as well as systemic racism, discrimination, sexism, and the dismissal of Indigenous women’s safety. Structural and systemic barriers, such as racism and discrimination, not only increase the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence among Indigenous women, but they also prevent many Indigenous women from seeking help. Indigenous women’s experiences of violence and the barriers they face are also distinct and diverse – for example, urban Indigenous women may experience violence differently than First Nations women residing in their home communities. The experiences of Métis and Inuit women will also differ from First Nations women. Disparities exist in the support services available to Indigenous women depending on where they live. For example, Indigenous women living in Northern and remote communities face unique challenges and do not have access to the many of the services available to Indigenous women living in First Nations and urban centres in Southern Ontario. Indigenous women who live in rural communities may also find it more difficult to access services and supports when compared to Indigenous women living in larger and urban centres. We recognize that all Indigenous women and girls are strong and resilient, despite the violence that they have been subjected to and the multiple barriers they experience when seeking help. Solutions imposed upon us without our input or leadership will fail to understand our realities or meet our needs. The Renfrew County Inquest and subsequent declarations of intimate partner violence as an epidemic has sparked local efforts to address gender-based violence. We support these efforts to end violence against women in Ontario and stand in solidarity with the Violence Against Women (VAW) sector organizations that have been working tirelessly to effect systems change. We are saddened, however, by the differential response to the murders of Indigenous women. Our communities have been calling on governments to recognize violence against Indigenous women as a national crisis for decades. In 2014, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples reported that the rates of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada are “epidemic”. [10] The National Inquiry determined that violence against Indigenous women constitutes a “deliberate race, identity and gender-based genocide.” [11] Close to 1,200 Indigenous women were reported missing or murdered in Canada between 1980 and 2012 [12] – that is more than 37.5 a year, without any level of government calling for an inquest or declaring an epidemic. This differential response is rooted in systemic racism and the normalization of violence against Indigenous women. Societal and government inaction – across all levels – allows for the violence to continue, and this inaction can be seen as a form of systemic and structural violence against Indigenous women and girls. A critical part of reconciliation with Indigenous women is recognizing and reflecting on this differential response and the underlying causes. Ending violence against Indigenous women requires community-based healing to disrupt the cycle of violence and systemic solutions that address the root causes of violence and assist Indigenous women in reclaiming our identities and leadership roles within our communities and Nations. Violence is cyclical and inter-generational, and often those who harm were themselves impacted by violence earlier in the cycle. Indigenous men and boys are part of the solution, and prevention efforts must include healing for families and the community as a whole. All the issues that Indigenous women strive to overcome are interconnected and must be responded to in relation to one another. Improving Indigenous women’s safety also means addressing the lack of safe, adequate and affordable housing both on- and off-reserve; the over-apprehension of Indigenous children into the child welfare system; high rates of poverty and income insecurity experienced by Indigenous women; lack of culturally responsive mental health and addictions services and treatment programs; underfunding of Indigenous women’s shelters; inequitable access to healthcare and other critical services; and the discriminatory treatment of Indigenous women and their families by policing and the justice system as well as multiple other systems. We honour the lives of all Indigenous women who have been taken from us. We stand together in solidarity with all the families and loved ones impacted by violence against Indigenous women. We recognize and honour the continued advocacy of Indigenous women, their families, and their communities to raise public awareness of this violence so that collectively we can work towards a future where all women and girls are safe. We thank them for their bravery in speaking their truth. About the Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council The Indigenous Women’s Advisory Council (“The Council”) in Ontario was established in 2020 to amplify the voices of Indigenous women in policy development and provide accountability to Indigenous women and their communities. The Council brings together First Nations, Métis, and Inuit women leaders to provide culturally relevant guidance, advice and expertise to the Ontario government on violence prevention and other issues impacting their communities and Indigenous women’s safety, including human trafficking, child, youth and family well-being, and economic empowerment. The Council was convened to address the alarmingly high rates of violence against Indigenous women in Ontario and support Ontario’s response to the Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. Current members: Association of Iroquois and Allied Indians, Chief Laurie Carr Nishnawbe Aski Nation, Deputy Grand Chief Anna Betty Achneepineskum Ontario Native Women’s Association, Cora McGuire-Cyrette (Co-Chair) Ganohkwasra Family Assault Support Services, representing Six Nations of the Grand River, Sandra Montour (Co-Chair) Anishinabek Nation, Rebecca Timms Chiefs of Ontario, Nancy Johnson Grand Council Treaty # 3, Debbie Lipscombe Independent First Nations, Lyndia Jones Métis Nation of Ontario, Jennifer St. Germain Ontario Federation of Indigenous Friendship Centres, Niki Hashie Tungasuvvingat Inuit, Paige Kreps Footnotes [1] We recognize that women have many social identities. When referring to women and Indigenous women, we are referring to women in all their diversity and intersections, including but not limited to gender identity, sexuality, ability, social location, etc. This is inclusive of trans and Two-Spirit individuals. [2] Conroy, S. (2021). Family violence in Canada: A statistical profile, 2019. Juristat. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Retrieved from: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2021001/article/00001-eng.htm [3] Heidinger, L. (2021). Intimate partner violence: Experiences of First Nations, Métis and Inuit women in Canada, 2018. Juristat. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Retrieved from: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/ 85-002-x/2021001/article/00007-eng.htm [4] Sutton, D. (2023) Gender-related homicide of women and girls in Canada. The Daily. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Retrieved from: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2023001/article/00003-eng.htm [5] Statistics Canada. (2023). Table 35-10-0156-01 Number, percentage and rate of homicide victims, by gender and Indigenous identity. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510015601 [6] Statistics Canada. (2015). Table 8: Total female victims of homicide, by Aboriginal identity, Canada, provinces and territories 2001 to 2014. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2015001/article/14244/tbl/tbl08-eng.htm [7] Data derived from Ontario Association of Interval Houses (OAITH) Annual Femicide Lists and Reports. [8] Heidinger, L. (2021). [9] Heidinger, L. (2021). [10] Anya, James. (2014). Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous Peoples, Addendum: The Situation of Indigenous Peoples in Canada. A/HRC/27/52/Add.2. Retrieved from: https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/777907?ln=en&v=pdf [11] National Inquiry into MMIWG2S+ (2019). Reclaiming Power and Place: The Final Report of the National Inquiry into MMIWG2S+, Volume 1a. p. 5. Retrieved from: https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/final-report/ [12] Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2014). Missing and Murdered Aboriginal Women: A National Operational Overview. Retrieved from: https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/wam/media/460/original/0cbd8968a049aa0b44d343e76b4a9478.pdf